E kālele ana i ke olakino hānau kāne

Ke holo nei ke olakino hānau ma o ko kākou ola holoʻokoʻa, kahi i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ke olakino kanaka e ka WHO. I kēia manawa, ua ʻike ʻia ka "Ola hānau no nā mea āpau" ma ke ʻano he UN Sustainable Development Goal. Ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ke olakino hānau, ʻo ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana hānau, nā kaʻina hana a me nā hana he mea hopohopo ia no kēlā me kēia kāne.

01 Nā Pōʻinoofnā maʻi hānau

He hoʻoweliweli nui nā maʻi ʻōpū hānau i ke olakino hānau kāne, e hoʻoulu ai i ka hānau ʻole ma kahi o 15% o nā maʻi. ʻO Chlamydia Trachomatis, Mycoplasma Genitalium a me Ureaplasma Urealyticum ke kumu nui o ia mea. Eia nō naʻe, ma kahi o 50% o nā kāne a me 90% o nā wahine me nā maʻi ʻōpū hānau he subclinical a asymptomatic paha, e alakaʻi ana i ka pale ʻana a me ka kaohi ʻana i ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā pathogens i hoʻowahāwahā ʻia. No laila, ʻo ka ʻike kūpono a me ka manawa kūpono o kēia mau maʻi e kōkua i kahi kaiapuni olakino hānau maikaʻi.

Ka maʻi Chlamydia Trachomatis (CT)

Hiki i ka maʻi ʻōpū urogenital ʻo Chlamydia trachomatis ke hana i ka urethritis, epididymitis, prostatitis, proctitis a me ka hānau ʻole ʻana i nā kāne a hiki nō hoʻi ke hana i ka cervicitis, urethritis, maʻi mumū pelvic, adnexitis, a me ka hānau ʻole ʻana i nā wahine. I ka manawa like, ʻo ka maʻi me Chlamydia trachomatis i nā wahine hāpai hiki ke alakaʻi i ka haki mua ʻana o nā membrane, ka hānau make ʻana, ka hoʻopau koke ʻana, ka endometritis ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana a me nā hanana ʻē aʻe. Inā ʻaʻole i mālama pono ʻia i nā wahine hāpai, hiki ke hoʻoili pololei ʻia i nā pēpē hānau hou, e hana ana i ka ophthalmia, nasopharyngitis a me ka pneumonia. ʻO nā maʻi genitourinary Chlamydia trachomatis mau a hana hou ʻia e ulu i nā maʻi, e like me ka cervical squamous cell carcinoma a me AIDS.

 Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Infection (NG)

ʻO nā hōʻike lapaʻau o ka maʻi Neisseria gonorrhoeae urogenital tract he urethritis a me cervicitis, a ʻo kāna mau hōʻailona maʻamau he dysuria, urination pinepine, urgency, dysuria, mucus a purulent discharge paha. Inā ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia i ka manawa kūpono, hiki i ka gonococci ke komo i loko o ka urethra a i ʻole e pālahalaha i luna mai ka cervix, e hana ana i ka prostatitis, vesiculitis, epididymitis, endometritis, a me salpingitis. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki iā ia ke hana i ka sepsis gonococcal ma o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka hematogenous. ʻO ka mucosal necrosis e hoʻoulu ai i ka squamous epithelium a i ʻole ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā ʻiʻo pili hiki ke alakaʻi i ka urethral stricture, vas deferens a me ka tubal narrowing a i ʻole atresia a hiki i ka hāpai ectopic a me ka infertility i nā kāne a me nā wahine.

Ka maʻi Ureaplasma Urealyticum (UU)

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka Ureaplasma urealyticum he parasitic i loko o ka urethra kāne, ka ʻili mua o ka penis, a me ka vagina wahine. Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā maʻi urinary tract a me ka hānau ʻole ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana. ʻO ka maʻi maʻamau i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka ureaplasma ʻo ia ka nongonococcal urethritis, ʻo ia ka 60% o ka urethritis nonbacterial. Hiki iā ia ke hana i ka prostatitis a i ʻole epididymitis i nā kāne, vaginitis i nā wahine, cervicitis, hānau mua, kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa, a hiki ke hana i nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana hanu a me ke kikowaena o nā pēpē hānau hou.

Ka maʻi Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

Ua māhele ʻia ka maʻi Herpes simplex, a i ʻole herpes, i ʻelua mau māhele: ka maʻi herpes simplex type 1 a me ka maʻi herpes simplex type 2. Hoʻoulu ka maʻi Herpes simplex type 1 i ka herpes waha ma o ka waha a i ka waha, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke hoʻoulu i ka herpes genital. ʻO ka maʻi Herpes simplex type 2 kahi maʻi i hoʻoili ʻia ma ke ʻano moekolohe e hoʻoulu ai i ka herpes genital. Hiki i ka herpes genital ke hoʻi hou a loaʻa ka hopena nui i ke olakino a me ka noʻonoʻo o nā maʻi. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili i nā pēpē hānau hou ma o ka placenta a me ke kahawai hānau, e alakaʻi ana i ka maʻi hānau o nā pēpē hānau hou.

Mycoplasma Genitalium Infection (MG)

ʻO Mycoplasma genitalium ka meaola genome liʻiliʻi loa i ʻike ʻia e hana hou ana iā ia iho ma 580kb wale nō a loaʻa nui ʻia i loko o nā kānaka a me nā holoholona. I loko o nā ʻōpio e hana moekolohe ana, aia kahi pilina ikaika ma waena o nā ʻano ʻino o ke ala urogenital a me Mycoplasma genitalium, a hiki i ka 12% o nā maʻi hōʻailona e maikaʻi ana no Mycoplasma genitalium. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka Mycoplasma Genitalium ke ulu aʻe i loko o ka urethritis non-gonococcal a me ka prostatitis mau. ʻO ka maʻi Mycoplasma genitalium kahi mea kūʻokoʻa e hoʻoulu ai i ka mumū o ka cervical no nā wahine a pili pū me ka endometritis.

Ma'i 'o Mycoplasma Hominis (MH)

ʻO ka maʻi Mycoplasma hominis o ke ala genitourinary hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi e like me ka urethritis non-gonococcal a me ka epididymitis i nā kāne. Hōʻike ia ma ke ʻano he mumū o ka ʻōnaehana hānau keiki i nā wahine e pālahalaha ana ma ke kikowaena o ka cervix, a ʻo kahi maʻi maʻamau ka salpingitis. Hiki ke loaʻa ka endometritis a me ka maʻi mumū pelvic i kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā maʻi.

02Hoʻonā

Ua komo nui ʻo Macro & Micro-Test i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā reagents ʻike maʻi e pili ana i ka maʻi urogenital tract, a ua hoʻomohala i nā pahu ʻike e pili ana (ʻano hana ʻike ʻana o Isothermal Amplification) penei:

03 Ka Hoʻākāka Huahana

Inoa Huahana	Nā kikoʻī
Pahu ʻIke Waikawa Nukleika Chlamydia Trachomatis (Hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka Enzymatic Probe Isothermal)	20 mau hoʻāʻo/kit 50 mau hoʻāʻo/kit
Pahu ʻIke Waikawa Nukleika Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (Hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka Enzymatic Probe Isothermal)	20 mau hoʻāʻo/kit 50 mau hoʻāʻo/kit
ʻO ka Ureaplasma Urealyticum Nucleic Acid Detection Kit (Enzymatic Probe Isothermal Amplification)	20 mau hoʻāʻo/kit 50 mau hoʻāʻo/kit
Pahu ʻIke Waikawa Nucleic ʻAno 2 no ka Herpes Simplex Virus (Hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka Enzymatic Probe Isothermal)	20 mau hoʻāʻo/kit 50 mau hoʻāʻo/kit

04 Anā pono

1. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka mana kūloko i loko o kēia ʻōnaehana, hiki ke nānā pono i ke kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua a hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokolohua.

2. ʻO ke ʻano hana ʻike hoʻonui isothermal he manawa hoʻāʻo pōkole, a hiki ke loaʻa ka hopena i loko o 30 mau minuke.

3. Me ka Macro & Micro-Test Sample Release Reagent a me ka Macro & Micro-Test Automatic Nucleic Acid Extractor (HWTS-3006), he maʻalahi ke hoʻohana a kūpono no nā ʻano kūlana like ʻole.

4. ʻIke kiʻekiʻe: ʻo ka LoD o CT he 400 kope/mL; ʻo ka LoD o NG he 50 pcs/mL; ʻo ka LoD o UU he 400 kope/mL; ʻo ka LoD o HSV2 he 400 kope/mL.

5. Kūlana kiʻekiʻe: ʻaʻohe cross-reactivity me nā mea maʻi maʻamau ʻē aʻe e pili ana (e like me syphilis, genital warts, chancroid chancre, trichomoniasis, hepatitis B a me AIDS).

Nā Kuhikuhi：

[1] LOTTI F, MAGGI M. Ka hana pono ʻole o ka moekolohe a me ka hānau ʻole ʻana o ke kāne [J].NatRev Urol,2018,15(5):287-307.

[2] CHOY JT,EISENBERG ML. ʻO ka hānau ʻole ʻana o ke kāne ma ke ʻano he puka makani i ke olakino [J].Fertil Steril,2018,110(5):810-814.

[3] ZHOU Z,ZHENG D,WU H, et al. ʻO ka maʻi ahulau o ka hānau ʻole ʻana ma Kina: kahi noiʻi e pili ana i ka heluna kanaka [J].BJOG,2018,125(4):432-441.