ʻEkolu-ma-hoʻokahi nucleic acid ʻike: COVID-19, influenza A a me ka maʻi maʻi influenza B, nā mea a pau i ka paipu hoʻokahi!

Ua hoʻokau ʻo Covid-19 (2019-nCoV) i mau haneli miliona o nā maʻi a me nā miliona o ka make mai kona puka ʻana i ka hopena o 2019, e lilo ia i pilikia olakino olakino.Ua hoʻopuka ka World Health Organization (WHO) i ʻelima "mutant strains of concern"^[1], ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta a me Omicron, a ʻo Omicron mutant strain ka mea nui i ka maʻi ahulau honua i kēia manawa.Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o Omicron mutant, ʻano maʻalahi nā hōʻailona, ​​​​akā no nā poʻe kūikawā e like me ka poʻe immunocompromised, nā ʻelemakule, nā maʻi maʻi a me nā keiki, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi nui a i ʻole ka make ma hope o ka maʻi.ʻO ka nui o ka make ʻana o nā maʻi mutant ma Omicron, hōʻike ʻia ka ʻike honua maoli e pili ana ka nui o ka make ma kahi o 0.75%, ʻo ia ma kahi o 7 a 8 mau manawa o ka maʻi influenza, a me ka nui o ka make o ka poʻe ʻelemakule, ʻoi aku ka poʻe ma mua o 80 mau makahiki. kahiko, ʻoi aku ma mua o 10%, ʻo ia hoʻi he 100 mau manawa ma mua o ka maʻi maʻi maʻamau^[2].ʻO nā hōʻike lapaʻau maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻo ke kuni, ka ʻū, ka ʻāʻī maloʻo, ka ʻāʻī ʻeha, ka myalgia, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻEhā ʻano o nā maʻi maʻi influenza: A, B, C a me D. ʻO nā ʻano maʻi maʻi nui he subtype A (H1N1) a me H3N2, a me ka strain B (Victoria a me Yamagata).ʻO ka maʻi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi maʻi influenza e hoʻoulu i ka maʻi maʻi kau a me ka maʻi maʻi hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki, me ka nui o ka maʻi maʻi.Wahi a nā helu helu, ma kahi o 3.4 miliona mau hihia i mālama ʻia no nā maʻi like me ka influenza i kēlā me kēia makahiki^[3], a ma kahi o 88,100 mau maʻi o ka maʻi hanu pili i ka influenza e alakaʻi i ka make, ʻo ia ka 8.2% o nā maʻi hanu e make ana.^[4].ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻi e pili ana i ke kuni, ke poʻo, ka myalgia a me ka ʻū maloʻo.ʻO nā hui koʻikoʻi nui, e like me nā wahine hāpai, nā pēpē, nā ʻelemakule a me nā mea maʻi me nā maʻi maʻi maʻi, hiki i ka maʻi pneumonia a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka make i nā hihia koʻikoʻi.

1 COVID-19 me nā pōʻino influenza.

ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka maʻi influenza me COVID-19 hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka maʻi.Hōʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina Pelekane^[5], i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka maʻi COVID-19 wale nō, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka pilikia o ka ea mechanical a me ka pilikia o ka make o ka haukapila i nā mea maʻi COVID-19 me ka maʻi maʻi influenza i hoʻonui ʻia e 4.14 mau manawa a me 2.35 mau manawa.

Ua hoʻopuka ʻo Tongji Medical College o Huazhong University of Science and Technology i kahi noiʻi^[6], i loaʻa i nā haʻawina 95 e pili ana i nā mea maʻi 62,107 i COVID-19.ʻO 2.45% ka nui o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi influenza, a ma waena o ka maʻi influenza A i helu ʻia no kahi hapa kiʻekiʻe.Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea maʻi i loaʻa wale i ka maʻi COVID-19, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe maʻi i hui pū ʻia me ka maʻi influenza A i nā hopena koʻikoʻi, me ka komo ʻana i ka ICU, kākoʻo ʻana i ka ea uila a me ka make.ʻOiai he haʻahaʻa ka laha o ka co-infection, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hopena o ka poʻe maʻi me ka co-infection.

Hōʻike ʻia kahi meta-analysis^[7], i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me B-stream, ʻoi aku ka maʻi o ka A-stream me COVID-19.Ma waena o 143 mau maʻi i hoʻopili ʻia, 74% i loaʻa i ka A-stream, a ʻo 20% i loaʻa i ka B-stream.Hiki ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi hui pū i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi o nā maʻi, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma waena o nā pūʻulu nāwaliwali e like me nā keiki.

ʻO ka noiʻi e pili ana i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio ma lalo o ka makahiki 18 i mālama ʻia i ka haukapila a i make paha i ka maʻi maʻi i ka wā o ka maʻi maʻi ma United States i 2021-22 loaʻa.^[8]ʻO ke ʻano o ka co-infection me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi ma COVID-19 pono e nānā.Ma waena o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi e pili ana i ka maʻi maʻi, 6% i hui pū ʻia me COVID-19 a me ka maʻi influenza, a ua piʻi ka nui o nā make pili i ka maʻi influenza i 16%.Ke hōʻike nei kēia ʻike i ka poʻe maʻi i hui pū ʻia me COVID-19 a me ka maʻi influenza e pono i ke kākoʻo hanu invasive a me ka non-invasive ma mua o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi wale nō, a ke kuhikuhi nei ʻo ka co-infection hiki ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi koʻikoʻi i nā keiki. .

2 ʻIke ʻokoʻa o ka maʻi maʻi a me COVID-19.

ʻO nā maʻi hou ʻelua a me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi he nui loa ka lele ʻana, a aia nā mea like i kekahi mau hōʻailona lapaʻau, e like me ke kuni, ka ʻū a me ka myalgia.Eia naʻe, ʻokoʻa nā papa hana lapaʻau no kēia mau maʻi ʻelua, a ʻokoʻa nā lāʻau antiviral i hoʻohana ʻia.I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻololi i nā hōʻike maʻamau o ka maʻi, e ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi ma nā hōʻailona wale nō.No laila, pono e hilinaʻi ka ʻike pololei o ka COVID-19 a me ka maʻi influenza i ka ʻike ʻokoʻa virus e hōʻoia i hiki i nā mea maʻi ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau kūpono a maikaʻi.

ʻO kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pili ana i ka maʻi a me ka mālama ʻana e hōʻike ana he mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻike pololei ʻana o ka COVID-19 a me ka maʻi maʻi influenza ma o nā hoʻokolohua laboratory no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau kūpono.

《Ka Maʻi Influenza a me ka Papa Hana Hana (2020 Edition)》^[9]a me ka 《Ka hōʻike ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻamau a me ka mālama ʻana i ka Manaʻo Kūikawā Kūikawā (2022 Edition)》^[10]ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi COVID-19, a ʻo ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻamau e like me ke kuni, ka ʻū maloʻo a me ka ʻeha ʻeha, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana mai ka maʻi maʻi maʻi;ʻO nā hōʻike koʻikoʻi a koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka maʻi pneumonia koʻikoʻi, acute respiratory distress syndrome a me ka hana ʻino o ke kino, e like me nā hōʻike lapaʻau o ka maʻi maʻi koʻikoʻi a koʻikoʻi, a pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka etiology.

《novel coronavirus maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi a me ka lāʻau hoʻolālā (kaʻumi paʻi no ka hoʻokō hoʻokolohua》^[11]i ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka maʻi Covid-19 mai ka maʻi o ka ʻōpū hanu luna i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi ʻē aʻe.

3 Nā ʻokoʻa o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi influenza a me ka maʻi COVID-19

ʻO 2019-nCoV a me ka influenza nā maʻi ʻokoʻa i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi maʻi like ʻole, a ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana.ʻO ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i nā lāʻau antiviral hiki ke pale i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi a me ka make o nā maʻi ʻelua.

Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau antiviral molecular liʻiliʻi e like me Nimatvir/Ritonavir, Azvudine, Monola a me ka neutralizing antibody lāʻau e like me Ambaviruzumab/Romisvir monoclonal antibody injection i COVID-19^[12].

Hoʻohana nui nā lāʻau anti-influenza i nā neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, zanamivir), hemagglutinin inhibitors (Abidor) a me RNA polymerase inhibitors (Mabaloxavir), i loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi i nā maʻi influenza A a me B kaulana i kēia manawa.^[13].

He mea nui loa ke koho ʻana i kahi regimen antiviral kūpono no ka mālama ʻana i ka 2019-nCoV a me ka maʻi influenza.No laila, he mea nui e ʻike maopopo i ka pathogen e alakaʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

4 COVID-19/ Influenza A / Influenza B triple joint inspection nucleic acid products

Hāʻawi kēia huahana i ka ʻike wikiwiki a pololei of 2019-nCoV, influenza A a me ka maʻi influenza B, a kōkua i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka 2019-nCoV a me ka maʻi influenza, ʻelua mau maʻi ʻeha hanu me nā hōʻailona lapaʻau like akā nā hoʻolālā lapaʻau like ʻole.Ma ka ʻike ʻana i ka pathogen, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā papahana lapaʻau i manaʻo ʻia a hōʻoia i hiki i nā mea maʻi ke loaʻa ka lāʻau kūpono i ka manawa.

Huina hoʻonā:

Ohi laʻana--Nucleic acid extraction--Detection reagent--polymerase chain reaction

ʻIke pololei: ʻike i ka Covid-19 (ORF1ab, N), ka maʻi influenza A a me ka maʻi maʻi influenza B i hoʻokahi paipu.

Paʻa loa: LOD o Covid-19 he 300 kope/mL, a ʻo ka maʻi influenza A a me B he 500 kope/mL.

Hoʻopili piha: Aia ʻo Covid-19 i nā maʻi mutant i ʻike ʻia, me ka maʻi influenza A me ka H1N1, H3N2, H1N1 2009, H5N1, H7N9, etc., a me ka maʻi influenza B me Victoria a me Yamagata strains, i mea e hōʻoia ai ʻaʻole e poina. ʻike maka.

Manaʻo maikaʻi hilinaʻi: ka mana maikaʻi ʻole / maikaʻi i kūkulu ʻia, ka ʻōlelo kūloko a me ka UDG enzyme ʻehā-fold control quality, ka nānā ʻana i nā reagents a me nā hana e hōʻoia i nā hopena pololei.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia: kūpono me ka mea hana PCR fluorescence ʻehā ma ka mākeke.

ʻOhi ʻakomi: me Macro & Micro-Testʻōnaehana ʻokiʻoki nucleic acid a me nā reagents extraction, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana a me ke kūlike o nā hopena.

ʻIke huahana