1 heaha ka malaria
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi he maʻi palaki hiki ke pale ʻia a hiki ke mālama ʻia, i ʻike mau ʻia ʻo "shakes" a me "fever anu", a ʻo ia kekahi o nā maʻi lele e hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi i ke ola kanaka a puni ka honua.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi he maʻi lele i lawe ʻia e ka nahu o Anopheles a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana o ke koko mai ka poʻe me ka plasmodium.
ʻEhā ʻano o ka plasmodium parasitic ma ke kino o ke kanaka:
2 wahi ahulau
A hiki i kēia manawa, he koʻikoʻi loa ka maʻi maʻi maʻi malaria, a ma kahi o 40% o ka heluna kanaka o ka honua e noho ana ma nā wahi maʻi malaria.
ʻO ka maʻi malaria ka maʻi koʻikoʻi loa ma ka ʻāina ʻo ʻApelika, me kahi o 500 miliona mau kānaka e noho ana ma nā wahi maʻi malaria. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, ma kahi o 100 miliona mau kānaka a puni ka honua i loaʻa nā hōʻailona lapaʻau o ka malaria, 90% o lākou aia ma ka ʻāina ʻApelika, a ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 miliona mau kānaka e make ana i ka maʻi malaria i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ka Hikina Hema a me ʻAsia waena hoʻi nā wahi e laha nui ai ka maʻi malaria. Aia nō ka maʻi malaria ma ʻAmelika Waena a me ʻAmelika Hema.
Ma Iune 30, 2021, ua hoʻolaha ʻo WHO ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻo Kina he malaria-free.
3 ke ala o ka lawe ʻana i ka maʻi malaria
01. Lawe ʻia e ka makika
ʻO ke ala nui o ka lawe ʻana:
Nahu ʻia e ka makika e lawe ana i ka plasmodium.
02. Ka lawe koko
Hiki ke kumu ʻia ka maʻi maʻi maʻi e ka placenta poino a i ʻole ke koko makuahine i loaʻa i ka plasmodium i ka wā hānau.
Eia hou, hiki ke loaʻa i ka maʻi malaria ma ka lawe ʻana mai i ke koko i loaʻa i ka plasmodium.
4 Nā hōʻike maʻamau o ka malaria
Mai ka maʻi kanaka me ka plasmodium a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana (ka mahana waha ma luna o 37.8 ℃), ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka wā incubation.
Aia ka manawa incubation i ka manawa infrared holoʻokoʻa a me ka pōʻai hānau mua o ka wā ʻulaʻula. General vivax malaria, ovoid malaria no 14 lā, falciparum malaria no 12 lā, a ʻekolu lā malaria no 30 lā.
Hiki i nā ʻokoʻa like ʻole o ka protozoa i hoʻopili ʻia, nā ʻano ʻokoʻa like ʻole, ka pale ʻana o ke kanaka a me nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole ke kumu i nā wā incubation ʻokoʻa.
Aia nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka lōʻihi latency insect strains ma nā wahi ʻoluʻolu, hiki ke lōʻihi i ka 8 ~ 14 mau mahina.
ʻO ka manawa incubation o ka maʻi transfusion he 7 ~ 10 mau lā. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ka maʻi malaria o ka fetal.
Hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka manawa incubation no ka poʻe me ka pale ʻole a i ʻole ka poʻe i lawe i nā lāʻau pale.
5 Kāohi a mālama ʻana
01. Laha ʻia ka maʻi maʻi e ka makika. ʻO ka pale pilikino ka mea nui loa e pale ai i ka nahu namu. Ma waho, e ho'āʻo e komo i nā lole pale, e like me nā lima lima lōʻihi a me nā pālule. Hiki ke uhi ʻia ka ʻili i ʻike ʻia me ka namu.
02. E hana maikaʻi i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻohana, e hoʻohana i nā ʻupena makika, nā pani puka a me nā pale, a e pīpī i nā lāʻau pepehi makika i loko o ka lumi moe ma mua o ka moe ʻana.
03. E noʻonoʻo i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kaiapuni, e wehe i ka ʻōpala a me nā mauʻu, e hoʻopiha i nā lua wai, a e hana maikaʻi i ka namu.
hoʻonā
Macro-Micro & Testua hoʻomohala i kahi ʻano o nā pahu ʻike no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi malaria, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka fluorescence PCR platform, isothermal amplification platform a me immunochromatography platform, a hāʻawi i kahi hopena holoʻokoʻa a piha no ka maʻi, ka nānā ʻana i ka mālama ʻana a me ka wānana o ka maʻi plasmodium:
01/immunochromatographic platform
Plasmodium Falciparum/Plasmodium Vivax AntigenKit ʻIke
ʻO Plasmodium falciparum ka pahu ʻike antigen
ʻO ka pahu ʻike antigen Plasmodium
He kūpono ia no ka ʻike qualitative a me ka ʻike ʻana o Plasmodium falciparum (PF), Plasmodium vivax (PV), Plasmodium ovatum (PO) a i ʻole Plasmodium vivax (PM) i loko o ke koko venous a i ʻole ke koko capillary o nā poʻe me nā hōʻailona malaria a me nā hōʻailona in vitro, a hiki ke hana i ka hōʻailona kōkua o ka maʻi plasmodium.
Hana maʻalahi: ʻekolu-ʻanuʻu ʻano
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana wela a me ka lawe ʻana: Ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana wela a me ka lawe ʻana no 24 mau mahina.
Nā hualoaʻa pololei: kiʻekiʻe sensitivity & specificity.
02/pūnaewele PCR fluorescent
ʻO ka pahu ʻike ʻana i ka ʻakika nucleic Plasmodium
He kūpono ia no ka ʻike qualitative a me ka ʻike ʻana o Plasmodium falciparum (PF), Plasmodium vivax (PV), Plasmodium ovatum (PO) a i ʻole Plasmodium vivax (PM) i loko o ke koko venous a i ʻole ke koko capillary o nā poʻe me nā hōʻailona malaria a me nā hōʻailona in vitro, a hiki ke hana i ka hōʻailona kōkua o ka maʻi plasmodium.
Ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻōlelo kūloko: nānā piha i ke kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi hoʻokolohua.
ʻIke kiʻekiʻe: 5 Kope/μL
Kiʻekiʻe kikoʻī: ʻaʻohe pane keʻa me nā pathogens hanu maʻamau.
03/Pūnaewele hoʻonui wela wela.
ʻO ka pahu ʻike ʻana i ka ʻakika nucleic Plasmodium
He kūpono ia no ka ʻike qualitative o ka plasmodium nucleic acid i nā laʻana koko peripheral i manaʻo ʻia ua loaʻa i ka maʻi plasmodium.
Ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻōlelo kūloko: nānā piha i ke kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi hoʻokolohua.
ʻIke kiʻekiʻe: 5 Kope/μL
Kiʻekiʻe kikoʻī: ʻaʻohe pane keʻa me nā pathogens hanu maʻamau.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-26-2024