Ka mālama ʻana i ke akepaʻa. Nānā mua a me ka hoʻomaha mua

Wahi a nā helu helu o ka World Health Organization (WHO), ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 miliona mau kānaka e make ana i nā maʻi akepaʻa i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ka honua. He "ʻāina maʻi akepaʻa nui" ʻo Kina, me ka nui o ka poʻe me nā maʻi akepaʻa like ʻole e like me ka hepatitis B, hepatitis C, ke akepaʻa momona a me ka ʻona ʻole, ka maʻi akepaʻa i hoʻoulu ʻia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a me ka maʻi akepaʻa autoimmune.

1. Ke kūlana hepatitis Kina

ʻO ka maʻi hepatitis viral kekahi o nā kumu nui o ke kaumaha o nā maʻi honua a he pilikia koʻikoʻi no ke olakino lehulehu ma Kina. ʻElima mau ʻano nui o ka maʻi hepatitis, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo A, B (HBV), C (HCV), D a me E. Wahi a ka ʻikepili o ka "Chinese Journal of Cancer Research" i ka makahiki 2020, ma waena o nā kumu pathogenic o ke kanesa ate ma Kina, ʻo ka maʻi hepatitis B a me ka maʻi hepatitis C nā kumu nui, e helu ana no 53.2% a me 17%. ʻO ka maʻi hepatitis viral mau ke kumu o ka make ʻana ma kahi o 380,000 i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻo ka hapa nui ma muli o ka cirrhosis a me ke kanesa ate i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hepatitis.

2. Nā hōʻike lapaʻau o ka maʻi hepatitis

ʻO ka maʻamau, he ʻoi loa ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka Hepatitis A a me E a he maikaʻi ka wānana. He paʻakikī ke ʻano o ka maʻi o ka hepatitis B a me C, a hiki ke ulu i loko o ka cirrhosis a i ʻole ke kanesa o ke ake ma hope o ka maʻi mau.

Ua like nā hōʻike lapaʻau o nā ʻano maʻi hepatitis viral like ʻole. ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka hepatitis acute ka luhi nui, ka nalowale o ka makemake, ka hepatomegaly, ka hana maʻamau o ke akepaʻa, a me ka jaundice i kekahi mau hihia. Hiki i ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi mau ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ʻaʻohe hōʻailona lapaʻau.

3. Pehea e pale aku ai a mālama i ka maʻi hepatitis?

He ʻokoʻa ke ala hoʻoili a me ke kaʻina hana ma hope o ka maʻi hepatitis i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi like ʻole. ʻO ka Hepatitis A a me E nā maʻi ʻōpū e hiki ke laha ma o nā lima haumia, ka meaʻai a i ʻole ka wai. Hoʻoili nui ʻia ka Hepatitis B, C a me D mai ka makuahine a i ke keiki, ka moekolohe a me ke kahe koko.

No laila, pono e ʻike ʻia ka maʻi hepatitis viral, hoʻopaʻa ʻia, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, hōʻike ʻia, a mālama ʻia i ka wā hikiwawe loa.

4. Nā Hoʻonā

Ua hoʻomohala ʻo Macro & Micro-Test i kahi moʻo o nā pahu ʻike no ka maʻi hepatitis B (HBV) a me ka maʻi hepatitis C (HCV). Hāʻawi kā mākou huahana i kahi hopena holoʻokoʻa no ka ʻike ʻana, ka nānā ʻana i ka mālama ʻana a me ka wānana ʻana o ka maʻi hepatitis viral.

01

Pahu ʻike helu DNA Hepatitis B (HBV): Hiki iā ia ke loiloi i ka pae hoʻonui ʻana o ka maʻi o nā poʻe maʻi i loaʻa i ka HBV. He mea nui ia no ke koho ʻana i nā hōʻailona no ka lāʻau antiviral a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hopena hoʻōla. I ka wā o ka lāʻau antiviral, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pane virological mau loa hiki ke kāohi nui i ka holomua o ka cirrhosis ate a hōʻemi i ka pilikia o HCC.

Nā Pōmaikaʻi: Hiki iā ia ke ʻike nui i ka ʻike o ka HBV DNA i loko o ke serum, ʻo ka palena ʻike nui loa he 10IU/mL, a ʻo ka palena ʻike liʻiliʻi loa he 5IU/mL.

02

ʻO ka genotyping o ka maʻi Hepatitis B (HBV): He ʻokoʻa nā genotypes like ʻole o HBV i ka epidemiology, ka loli o ka maʻi, nā hōʻike maʻi, a me nā pane lapaʻau. I kekahi ʻano, hoʻopilikia ia i ka helu seroconversion HBeAg, ke koʻikoʻi o nā ʻeha ate, ka nui o ka maʻi kanesa ate, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a hoʻopilikia pū i ka prognosis lapaʻau o ka maʻi HBV a me ka hopena hoʻōla o nā lāʻau antiviral.

Nā Pōmaikaʻi: Hiki ke paʻi ʻia 1 paipu o ka hopena hopena e ʻike i nā ʻano B, C, a me D, a ʻo ka palena ʻike liʻiliʻi loa he 100IU/mL.

03

Ka helu ʻana o ka maʻi Hepatitis C (HCV) RNA: ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka HCV RNA ka hōʻailona hilinaʻi loa o ka maʻi lele a me ka maʻi hoʻopili. He hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ia e hōʻike ana i ke kūlana o ka maʻi hepatitis C a me ka hopena o ka lāʻau.

Nā Pōmaikaʻi: Hiki iā ia ke ʻike nui i ka ʻike o ka HCV RNA i loko o ke serum a i ʻole ka plasma, ʻo ka palena ʻike nui loa he 100IU/mL, a ʻo ka palena ʻike liʻiliʻi loa he 50IU/mL.

04

ʻO ka genotyping o ka maʻi Hepatitis C (HCV): Ma muli o nā ʻano o ka polymerase virus HCV-RNA, maʻalahi ka hoʻololi ʻana o kona gene ponoʻī, a pili loa kona genotyping i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hōʻino ʻia o ke akepaʻa a me ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana.

Nā Pōmaikaʻi: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia 1 paipu o ka hopena hopena e kikokiko a ʻike i nā ʻano 1b, 2a, 3a, 3b, a me 6a, a ʻo ka palena ʻike liʻiliʻi loa he 200IU/mL.