4 ʻAno o nā maʻi hanu Nucleic Acid

ʻO ka maʻi Corona Virus 2019, i kapa ʻia ʻo "COVID-19", e pili ana i ka maʻi pneumonia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi SARS-CoV-2. ʻO SARS-CoV-2 kahi coronavirus no ka genus β. He maʻi lele hanu koʻikoʻi ʻo COVID-19, a maʻalahi ka heluna kanaka. I kēia manawa, ʻo ke kumu o ka maʻi ʻo ia nā poʻe maʻi i loaʻa i ka SARS-CoV-2, a ʻo ka poʻe maʻi asymptomatic paha ke kumu o ka maʻi. Ma muli o ka noiʻi epidemiological o kēia manawa, ʻo ka manawa incubation he 1-14 mau lā, ʻo ka hapa nui he 3-7 mau lā. ʻO ke kuni, ka ʻū maloʻo a me ka luhi nā hōʻike nui. Ua loaʻa i kekahi mau maʻi nā hōʻailona e like me ka ihu paʻa, ka ihu wai, ka ʻeha ʻāʻī, ka myalgia a me ka diarrhea, a pēlā aku.

ʻO ka maʻi influenza, i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo "flu", he maʻi lele hanu ʻoi loa ia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi influenza. He mea lele nui ia. Hoʻolaha nui ʻia ma o ke kuni ʻana a me ka ʻūhā ʻana. Hoʻomaka pinepine ia i ka pūnāwai a me ka hoʻoilo. Ua māhele ʻia nā maʻi influenza i ʻekolu ʻano influenza A (IFV A), influenza B (IFV B), a me Influenza C (IFV C), no ka maʻi sticky a pau, ke kumu o ka maʻi kanaka no nā maʻi influenza A a me B, he maʻi RNA hoʻokahi kaula, ʻāpana. ʻO ka maʻi influenza A kahi maʻi hanu ʻoi loa, me H1N1, H3N2 a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, kahi i maʻalahi i ka mutation a me ka outbreak ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. ʻO "Shift" e pili ana i ka mutation o ka maʻi influenza A, e hopena ana i ka puka ʻana mai o kahi "subtype" virus hou. Ua māhele ʻia nā maʻi influenza B i ʻelua mau moʻokūʻauhau, ʻo Yamagata lāua ʻo Victoria. Loaʻa i ka maʻi influenza B ka antigenic drift, a pale aku ia i ka nānā ʻana a me ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana pale kanaka ma o kona mutation. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka lohi o ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi influenza B ma mua o ka maʻi influenza A kanaka. Hiki i ka maʻi Influenza B ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi hanu kanaka a alakaʻi i nā maʻi ahulau.

ʻO ka maʻi syncytial hanu (RSV) he maʻi RNA, no ka ʻohana paramyxoviridae. Hoʻolaha ʻia ia e nā kulu ea a me ka pili kokoke a ʻo ia ke kumu nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai hanu haʻahaʻa i nā pēpē. Hiki i nā pēpē i loaʻa i ka RSV ke loaʻa i ka bronchiolitis koʻikoʻi a me ka pneumonia, e pili ana i ka hānō i nā keiki. Loaʻa i nā pēpē nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, me ke kuni nui, rhinitis, pharyngitis a me laryngitis, a laila bronchiolitis a me ka pneumonia. Hiki i kekahi mau keiki maʻi ke paʻakikī me ka otitis media, pleurisy a me myocarditis, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai hanu kiʻekiʻe ka hōʻailona nui o ka maʻi i nā pākeke a me nā keiki makua.