ʻEono ʻano o nā maʻi hanu

ʻO ka maʻi Corona Virus 2019, i kapa ʻia ʻo "COVID-19", e pili ana i ka maʻi pneumonia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi SARS-CoV-2. ʻO SARS-CoV-2 kahi coronavirus no ka genus β. He maʻi lele hanu koʻikoʻi ʻo COVID-19, a maʻalahi ka heluna kanaka. I kēia manawa, ʻo ke kumu o ka maʻi ʻo ia nā maʻi i loaʻa i ka SARS-CoV-2, a ʻo ka poʻe i loaʻa ʻole nā ​​​​​​hōʻailona ʻole e lilo paha i kumu o ka maʻi. Ma muli o ka noiʻi epidemiological o kēia manawa, ʻo ka manawa incubation he 1-14 mau lā, ʻo ka hapa nui he 3-7 mau lā. ʻO ke kuni, ka ʻū maloʻo a me ka luhi nā hōʻike nui. Ua loaʻa i kekahi mau maʻi ka ihu paʻa, ka ihu wai, ka ʻeha ʻāʻī, ka myalgia a me ka diarrhea.

ʻO ka maʻi influenza, i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo "flu", he maʻi lele hanu ʻoi loa ia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi influenza. He mea lele nui ia. Hoʻolaha nui ʻia ma o ke kuni ʻana a me ka ʻūhā ʻana. Hoʻomaka pinepine ia i ka pūnāwai a me ka hoʻoilo. Ua māhele ʻia nā maʻi influenza i ka influenza A, IFV A, influenza B, IFV B, a me Influenza C, ʻekolu ʻano IFV C, no ka maʻi sticky a pau, ke kumu o ka maʻi kanaka no nā maʻi influenza A a me B, he maʻi RNA hoʻokahi kaula, ʻāpana. ʻO ka maʻi influenza A kahi maʻi hanu ʻoi loa, me H1N1, H3N2 a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, kahi i maʻalahi i ka mutation a me ka outbreak ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. ʻO "Shift" e pili ana i ka mutation o ka maʻi influenza A, e hopena ana i ka puka ʻana mai o kahi "subtype" virus hou. Ua māhele ʻia nā maʻi influenza B i ʻelua mau moʻokūʻauhau, ʻo Yamagata lāua ʻo Victoria. Loaʻa i ka maʻi influenza B ka antigenic drift, a pale aku ia i ka nānā ʻana a me ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana pale kanaka ma o kona mutation. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka lohi o ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi influenza B ma mua o ka maʻi influenza A kanaka. Hiki i ka maʻi Influenza B ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi hanu kanaka a alakaʻi i nā maʻi ahulau.

No ka mammalian adenovirus ka Adenovirus (AdV), he maʻi DNA pālua me ka ʻole o ka envelope. Ua loaʻa ma ka liʻiliʻi he 90 mau genotypes, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka subgenera AG 7. Hiki i ka maʻi AdV ke hana i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole, me ka pneumonia, bronchitis, cystitis, conjunctivitis maka, nā maʻi gastrointestinal a me ka encephalitis. ʻO ka adenovirus pneumonia kekahi o nā ʻano pneumonia i loaʻa i ke kaiāulu i nā keiki, e helu ana ma kahi o 4%-10% o ka pneumonia i loaʻa i ke kaiāulu.

ʻO ka Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) kahi ʻano o ka microorganism prokaryotic liʻiliʻi loa, aia ma waena o ka bacteria a me ka virus, me ke ʻano o ke kelepona akā ʻaʻohe paia o ke kelepona. ʻO MP ke kumu nui o ka maʻi hanu kanaka, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio. Hiki iā ia ke hana i ka pneumonia mycoplasma kanaka, ka maʻi hanu o nā keiki a me ka pneumonia atypical. He ʻokoʻa nā hōʻike lapaʻau, ʻo ka hapa nui o ia mau mea he ʻū nui, ke kuni, ke anu, ka ʻeha poʻo, ka ʻāʻī ʻeha. ʻO ka maʻi hanu o luna a me ka pneumonia bronchial ka mea maʻamau. Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi ke ulu mai ka maʻi hanu o luna a hiki i ka pneumonia koʻikoʻi, hiki ke loaʻa ka pilikia hanu koʻikoʻi a me ka make.

ʻO ka maʻi syncytial hanu (RSV) he maʻi RNA, no ka ʻohana paramyxoviridae. Hoʻolaha ʻia ia e nā kulu ea a me ka pili kokoke a ʻo ia ke kumu nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai hanu haʻahaʻa i nā pēpē. Hiki i nā pēpē i loaʻa i ka RSV ke loaʻa i ka bronchiolitis koʻikoʻi (i kapa ʻia ʻo bronchiolitis) a me ka pneumonia, e pili ana i ka hānō i nā keiki. Loaʻa i nā pēpē nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, me ke kuni nui, rhinitis, pharyngitis a me laryngitis, a laila bronchiolitis a me ka pneumonia. Hiki i kekahi mau keiki maʻi ke paʻakikī me ka otitis media, pleurisy a me myocarditis, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai hanu kiʻekiʻe ka hōʻailona nui o ka maʻi i nā pākeke a me nā keiki makua.