ʻO ka waikawa nukleika o ka maʻi West Nile

He lālā ka maʻi West Nile o ka ʻohana Flaviviridae, ʻo ia hoʻi ka genus Flavivirus, a aia ma ka genus like me ka maʻi Japanese encephalitis, ka maʻi dengue, ka maʻi yellow fever, ka maʻi St. Louis encephalitis, ka maʻi hepatitis C, a pēlā aku. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻoulu ka maʻi West Nile i nā maʻi ahulau ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ʻEulopa, ka Hikina Waena, a me Asia Hikina Hema, a ua lilo ia i maʻi lele nui loa e hoʻopilikia nei i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Hoʻolaha ʻia ka maʻi West Nile ma o nā manu ma ke ʻano he mau kikowaena waihona, a ua loaʻa i nā kānaka ma o nā nahu o nā makika hānai manu (ornithophilic) e like me Culex. Maʻi nā kānaka, nā lio, a me nā mammals ʻē aʻe ma hope o ka nahu ʻia ʻana e nā makika i loaʻa i ka maʻi West Nile. Hiki i nā hihia liʻiliʻi ke hōʻike me nā hōʻailona like me ka maʻi flu e like me ke kuni a me ke poʻo, ʻoiai hiki i nā hihia koʻikoʻi ke hōʻike me nā hōʻailona o ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena a i ʻole ka make [1-3]. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ma muli o ka hohonu o nā hoʻololi honua a me ka laulima ʻana, ua lilo pinepine nā hoʻololi ma waena o nā ʻāina, a ua piʻi ka nui o ka poʻe huakaʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I ka manawa like, ma muli o nā mea e like me ka neʻe ʻana o nā manu neʻe, ua piʻi ka hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ke kuni West Nile i Kina [4].